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Geography · Countries & capitals

European capitals

London, Paris, Berlin, Rome, Madrid.

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Five Famous Capitals

Europe has many countries. Each country has a capital city. The capital is where the government works. Let's explore five exciting European capitals. London is the capital of the United Kingdom. Paris is the capital of France. Berlin is the capital of Germany. Rome is the capital of Italy. Madrid is the capital of Spain. These five cities are important places in Europe.

London - The United Kingdom

London sits on the River Thames in England. It is a very old city with over 2000 years of history. You can see Big Ben, a famous clock tower there. Buckingham Palace is where the King lives. London is home to millions of people. Red double-decker buses roll through the streets. It rains quite often in London!

Paris and Berlin

Paris is the capital of France. The Eiffel Tower stands tall in this beautiful city. People call Paris the City of Light. Berlin is the capital of Germany. It is in the middle of Europe. The Brandenburg Gate is a famous landmark there. Berlin is younger than the other capitals we are learning about.

Rome and Madrid

Rome is the capital of Italy. It is called the Eternal City. The Colosseum is an ancient arena where gladiators once fought. Rome is almost 3000 years old! Madrid is the capital of Spain. It sits high up in the centre of Spain. The Royal Palace is one of the biggest in Europe.

Remembering the Capitals

Here is a helpful way to remember. Think of the country first. United Kingdom matches with London. France matches with Paris. Germany matches with Berlin. Italy matches with Rome. Spain matches with Madrid. Each country has just one capital city.

Worked examples

  1. 1. What is the capital city of France?

    1. Think about the country France.
    2. Remember France is famous for the Eiffel Tower.
    3. The Eiffel Tower is in Paris.
    4. Paris is the capital of France.

  2. 2. Which country has Rome as its capital?

    1. Rome is a very old city in Europe.
    2. The Colosseum is in Rome.
    3. Rome is in Italy.
    4. Italy has Rome as its capital.

  3. 3. If you visit the Brandenburg Gate, which capital are you in?

    1. The Brandenburg Gate is a famous landmark.
    2. It is found in Germany's capital.
    3. Germany's capital is Berlin.
    4. You are in Berlin.

Try it yourself

What is the capital city of Spain?

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